(Source: http://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/81631/two-column-nomenclature-breaks-ability-to-have-sub-floats)
To generate two column nomenclature, include the following settings in LyX LaTeX Preamble:
% Two column nomenclature ========================
\usepackage{multicol}
\makeatletter
\@ifundefined{chapter}
{\def\wilh@nomsection{section}}
{\def\wilh@nomsection{chapter}}
\def\thenomenclature{%
\begin{multicols}{2}[%
\csname\wilh@nomsection\endcsname*{\nomname}
\if@intoc\addcontentsline{toc}{\wilh@nomsection}{\nomname}\fi
\nompreamble]
\list{}{%
\labelwidth\nom@tempdim
\leftmargin\labelwidth
\advance\leftmargin\labelsep
\itemsep\nomitemsep
\let\makelabel\nomlabel}%
}
\def\endthenomenclature{%
\endlist
\end{multicols}
\nompostamble}
\makeatother
% Two column nomenclature ========================

